Hydro Turbine Main Shaft for Reliable Hydropower Generation

The hydro turbine main shaft is the core rotating component that transfers torque from the turbine runner to the generator. Its mechanical stability directly affects power output efficiency, vibration performance, and long-term operational reliability. Whether used in ,, or turbine systems, the main shaft must withstand high hydraulic loads, fluctuating speeds, and long-term immersion in water-rich environments.

Description

What Is a Hydro Turbine Main Shaft?

The hydro turbine main shaft is the core rotating component that transfers torque from the turbine runner to the generator. Its mechanical stability directly affects power output efficiency, vibration performance, and long-term operational reliability. Whether used in ,, or  turbine systems, the main shaft must withstand high hydraulic loads, fluctuating speeds, and long-term immersion in water-rich environments.

As a heavy-duty rotating part, the main shaft also interacts with the main shaft seal system, which is essential for preventing leakage and ensuring safe and continuous hydropower operation.

Key Functions of the Main Shaft in Hydropower Systems

Torque Transmission

The shaft links the turbine runner with the generator rotor, ensuring efficient energy transfer even under heavy load or variable water flow.

Support & Alignment

It maintains accurate axial and radial alignment, ensuring stable rotation with minimal vibration — a critical factor in reducing wear on bearings, couplings, and sealing components.

Resistance to Water Flow & Cavitation

Hydropower shafts must perform reliably under constant exposure to moisture, pressure fluctuations, and erosion forces. Proper material selection and surface treatment are essential.

Material Options for Hydro Turbine Main Shafts

To ensure strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance, hydro turbine main shafts are typically manufactured using premium alloy steels such as:

42CrMo4 / AISI 4140

34CrNiMo6 / AISI 4340

Forged alloy steel for hydropower applications

Custom high-strength quenched & tempered steel grades

Each shaft can be customized depending on turbine type, power rating, and site conditions. For large-scale hydropower stations, integral forged shafts are preferred due to their structural integrity and long service life.

Forging & Machining Capabilities

Heavy-Duty Open-Die Forging

We produce large hydro turbine shafts with diameters up to several meters and lengths suitable for medium- and high-capacity power stations. Open-die forging ensures excellent internal quality and uniform grain flow.

Precision CNC Machining

Advanced machining centers guarantee:

Tight tolerances on diameter and roundness

High concentricity between turbine and generator interfaces

Smooth sealing surfaces for main shaft seal systems

Non-Destructive Testing

To ensure safety and reliability, all shafts undergo:

Ultrasonic testing (UT)

Magnetic particle inspection (MT)

Hardness and mechanical property verification

Main Shaft Seal Compatibility

Although we do not supply seals, our shafts are engineered to work seamlessly with industry-standard hydro turbine main shaft sealing systems, including:

Mechanical seals

Labyrinth seals

Modern composite sealing solutions

The precision of our sealing surfaces helps reduce leakage risks and improves operational efficiency.

Applications of Hydro Turbine Main Shafts

Our main shafts are widely used in:

Hydro turbines

Adjustable-blade turbines

Impulse turbines

Small and large hydropower generator sets

Rehabilitation and upgrade of existing power stations

Why Choose Our Hydro Turbine Main Shaft?

Customized engineering for any turbine size or design

High-strength forged construction for long service life

Stable material properties suitable for high-load hydropower environments

Strict quality control from forging to final machining

Reliable delivery for OEMs and hydropower project contractors